January 11th

Xylography: printing with wood.

Ligature: 2 characters that work together as a single unit: fi

Incunabula: first 50 years of printing.

Fleurons: cast decorative elements. Type embellishments for the press.

To Print you need:

· A growing middle class: to buy the printed material

· Students in and expanding university system: demand as a student, but also a more literate class.

· Increased Literacy.

Lascaux

Cuneiform -> greek -> roman -? Modern

J V W not added until middle ages

Letterforms have changed significantly over time. Starting with Cuneiform, transitioning into Greek, then Roman, now todays modern letterforms. Lower case letters have been added to increase efficiency, seeing as curves are easier to draw than straight lines. Xylography; woodblock prints, fundamentally changes the architecture of the human brain, allowing people to own prints, because wood block prints can be reproduced over and over again.

Gutenberg brought his printing ways to everyone else. Therefore, he is known as the first person to use printing. Printing evolves with images, as they lose their binding borders, and open up some negative space into the pages. "The history of the world" also puts printing into perspective, and unleashes the potential of thumb nail sketching, and printing, in order to create a book. The History of Troy (1475) is the first book printed in English.